Kubiak


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//__ Parts of The Earth Assignment __//

1. Iron & nickel make up most of the earths core. 2.The crust is the thinnest layer of the earth. 3.The crust is where we get are minerals from. 4. Plate Techtonics 5. crust 6. Divergent 7. San andreas fault 8. A region of the Earth where one tectonic plate is diving beneath another into the interior of the Earth 9.C ontinental drift causes sea floor spreading 10. When two plates spread apart.

//__ Minerals Assignment __//

1.It has to occur naturally. It has to be inorganic It has to be a solid It has to possess an orderly internal structure, that is, its atoms must be arranged in a definite pattern. It has to have a definite chemical composition that may vary within specified limits. 2. hardness, optical properties, crystal structure 3. Acanthite Ag2S compound of silver, Actinolite Ca2(Mg,Fe)5Si8O22(OH)2 sillicate, Adamite Zn2AsO4(OH) compund of zinc and arsenic.

__// Life Cycle of Copper Assignment //__

1. amount of use able ore at the site percent of copper in the ore The kind of mining and processing needed to extract the metal from its ore distance of the mine from metal to the refining facility and markets metal’s supply-versus-demand status 2. The copper ore is first mined. Then it is separated from the ore. Now it is being melted down to liquid. Then it is chemically processed to produce metallic copper which is then created into a variety of materials. Finally some copper is then recycled back into new materials. 1. Copper is ductile 2. Recycling this metal would make it more available for future generations to use. 3. A. Use all money electronically like credit and debit cards B. Use Wi-Fi instead of copper wiring to connect electronics. C. Use more wind turbines for power D. Use solar power to power indoors

//__ B.3 Metal Reactivity __//
 * 1) The coins surface turns dark, some copper and metal is dissolved.
 * 2) At the coppers surface silver ions gain one electron each to become silver atoms, since they are neutral they stay on the surface with less electron cloud in the metal structure.
 * 3) Copper metal transferred electrons to silver ions, producing silver atoms and copper ions.
 * 4) Oxidation is when an atom leaves its two electrons in a metal structure.
 * 5) Reduction is when a ion gains an electron from another atom.
 * 6) For every two electrons lost by a copper atom, two silver ions gain one electron each.
 * 7) Two silver ions gain one electron each.
 * 8) Ions control chemical reactivity.



//__Lab questions:__//

1. Zinc reacted with most of the solutions

2. Silver reacted with fewest solutions

3. i wouldn't expect any to react.

4. Zinc, Magnesium, Copper, Silver.

5. Zinc is very reactive while copper isn't so they put the more reactive element on the inside so that it doesn't start reacting in your pocket or elsewhere.

6. a. Silver, because it reacts with none of the solutions, which is less than copper. and that is what is in use now. b. most likely because it is more expensive and harder to get.

7. Given your new knowledge about the relative chemical activities of these four metals, a. Zinc is most likely to be found free b. Copper

8. Reconsider your experimental design for this activity. a. Yes b. ZnNo3 because nothing reacted with it at all.

__//Activity Series of Metals Assignment (Oxidation/Reduction Part I)//__

1.When the Magnesium atoms change into Magnesium ions, the electron cloud around them shrinks, and disappears and the little space inside of the atom gets smaller. When the Zinc atom changes into a Zinc ion, the same thing happens. -When Zn2+(aq) reacts with Mg(s) the ions become a Zn atom. When Mg2+(aq) reacts with Zn(s) no reaction happens.

Cu2+ and Cu - The Cu2+ ions reacted with Magnesium and made Cu atoms. Cu2+ and Zinc - The Cu2+ ions reacted with zinc and made Cu atoms. Mg2+ and Cu - No reaction Zn2+ and Cu - No reaction
 * Page 2 videos**

the magnesium and zinc should cause a reaction The reaction with Silver ions and Zinc metal will most likely be stronger than the Copper Zinc reaction.
 * Page 3**

Magnesium, Zinc, Copper, Silver
 * Page 5**

__//ChemQuandry 1/Building Skills 5//__

ChemQuandary: They were probably the first elements to be discovered because they were the first elements to be found by themselves, rather than combined with other elements.

1a - from left to right, they from most reactive to least reactive. b - on the left side. c - the right side. 2a - The iron will react with the lead nitrate because it's more reactive, and will lose electrons that will go into the lead nitrate solution b - no, the lead nitrate solution is more reactive than the platinum. 3a - yes, the less reactive metals are cheaper, because less work is needed to obtain the metal.

__//Modeling Matter pg.124-125//__

1. a- Zn: == Zn2+ + 2e- b- Ag+ + e- == Ag. 2. Oxidation is when you lose electrons. Reduction is when you gain electrons. Zinc reaction was oxidation. Silver reaction was reduction. 3. a- Cu is oxidized b- Ag is reduced 4. Because each copper atom lost two electrons, so the Ag+ ions must be there to replace them. 5. a- the reducing agent has to be copper b- the atom that is the source of electrons in a reaction. 6. Zn: + Cu2+, Zn2+ + Cu. 7. a- the Zinc b- the Copper 8. oxidizing agent is Copper reducing agent is Zinc 9. You would be able to tell by which one became an ion and which one was an atom. You would be able to answer questions 7 and 8 just by looking at that. 10. Zn2+ + Mg ---> Zn + Mg2+ which is oxidized is Zn which is reduced is Mg oxidizing agent is Mg reducing agent is Zn

Renewable resources can be replenished by the natural cycle while nonrenewable cannot be readily replenished. A. Atoms are conserved in chemical processes but molecules sometimes are not. B. No, a resource cannot run out but can be depleted in other ways like ore mining. What are the requirements for minimum profitability levels for a metal
 * 1) Describe the main differences between renewable and nonrenewable resources and provide an example of each.
 * 1) a) If atoms are always conserved why do some people say that a resource may be “running out”? b) Can a resource actually “run out”?

Questions 1-4 Penny Lab 1. A. The zinc chloride turned silver the untreated looked like a regular penny. B. Yes because they were different color and the one heated cracked and seemed to have another metal inside it. 2. I would heat the object up and see if it melted to determine if it was a precious metal. 3. Change chemical properties to make bridges and computer parts. 4. A. They reacted with the zinc Chloride and heat.  B. No I don’t think the coins could go back to normal after being chemically altered.

Building skills 1 hydrocarbon boiling points

1.A. The data in figure 5 is ordered in alphabetical order A to Z. 1.B. No i think there is a more useful way to display the info on the table.

2.A. I think the most useful way to display the information is the boiling point from greatest to least because thats the order on the fractioning tower. 2.B. Decane Nonane Octane Heptane Hexane Pentane Butane Propane Ethane Methane

3. Methane, Ethane, Propane, and Butane boiled allready at room temperature.

4. Pentane boils in between room temperature and 37 degrees Celsius.

5. Decane molecules are a lot stronger than butane.